water

Like humans, animals need water to survive. Most wild species absorb water from the food they consume, as of succulent plants; some also drink surface water, especially those species found in arid regions. Water consumption varies depending on the species, climate, environmental temperature, season of the year, age and sex.

 

food

One of the most important objectives in wildlife management is the conservation and availability of feeding areas, increasing their quantity and quality. The shortage of food is a major limiting factor for many species of wildlife.

All animals need food to complete their energy needs to grow, reproduce, escape from predators and migrate from one place to another. Each species is very specific when selecting food, depending on the nutrimental requirements and physiological needs . Food quality and quantity is very important for the survival of the species. The quality of food varies according to the season, even to the place. The food should be available to all species located in the areas managed by ermac.

 

refuge

Birds and mammals need shelter or cover to hide and to protect themselves from weather conditions. Dense vegetation is the most common type of coverage, but may also include a pile of rocks, holes in the floor between logs or bodies of water. This cover is removed by modern land use such as deforestation, grazing animals or mining, ERMAC is compromised to diminish such impact in wildlife populations.

 

space

Animals need space to survive. Overcrowding leads to intense competition for foraging and breeding sites, eventually leads to malnutrition and rapid increase of diseases and parasites. Many animals are territorial to some extent; they occupy and maintained in a specific place and turn away from the other animals. This territoriality ensures proper spacing and prevent overcrowding. Because of the need for food, a given area can only contain a certain number of animals, no matter how much water, food or coverage they receive.